Abstract. The 2023 decision in Axon Enterprise, Inc. v. FTC is the latest of several recent Supreme Court rulings declining to require litigants asserting that agencies are unconstitutionally structured to present these claims to the agency before seeking relief in court. These decisions follow …

Abstract. The United States Sentencing Commission has fundamentally reshaped the back end of the federal sentencing system. For the first time in the Commission’s history, it has expressly authorized judges to consider—in very specific circumstances—nonretroactive changes to the law as …

Abstract. No provision is more central to the administration of the “Great Writ” of habeas corpus than Section 2254(d) of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act, which limits a federal court’s ability to grant relief on a claim already adjudicated by a state court. Under the statute …

Abstract. Excessive fees erode billions from Americans’ retirement plans each year. Over time, a mere two percent “junk” fee can devour half of workers’ retirement savings and may determine whether they can retire—or if their retirement will be one of impoverished subsistence. Problematically, …

Abstract. This Comment will discuss lower courts’ approaches to constitutional removal-protection claims after the Supreme Court’s 2021 decision in Collins v. Yellen. This Comment will argue that some lower courts have overread Collins to require an almost insurmountable evidentiary burden, …

Abstract. This Comment will critically examine the historical evolution and current state of the NCAA’s amateurism framework, arguing that the recent House v. NCAA settlement insufficiently protects collegiate athletes’ right to a free market. The Comment will trace the NCAA’s origins and its …